GEG 100 ONLINE! Cultural Geography Outline of Chapter 9

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I. Urban functions

A. Specialized urban functions

1. Industrial
2. Government
3. Tourism

B. Universal urban functions

II. Central Place Terminology

A. Central place functions

1. Low order goods and services

2. High order goods and services

3. Number of types of goods and services is a function of population size.

B. Threshold

1. Defined in terms of minimum:

• Sales
• Population
• Area
• Distance

C. Range

D. Urban Hierarchy

III. Central place theory

A. Geographic assumptions

1. Featureless landscape (no roads, no barriers)
2. Uniform population distribution
3. Infinite plane (goes on forever—no boundary effects)

B. Behavioral assumptions (implied, but not explicitly stated in text)

1. Consumers shop at the closest place where a good is available
2. Consumers cannot not go beyond the range of the good
2. Firms' market areas must equal or exceed threshold of the good

C. Hexagonal market areas

1. Hexagons because nonoverlapping circles leave some areas unserved

2. Any higher-order central place must also offer all lower-order functions, which means that the there is both a small hexagon and a large hexagon centered on each higher order central place.

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